Comparative Effects of Three Edible Crops on Complementary Biostimulated Landfarming of Petroleum-Contaminated Soils
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63561/jabs.v3i1.1176Keywords:
Biostimulation, Landfarming, Germination Test, Phytoremediation, Petroleum Hydrocarbon Polluted SoilsAbstract
Bioremediation has been documented as a cost effective and environment friendly approach to decontaminate hydrocarbons polluted soils, but not effective for heavy pollution levels. This study investigated the use of multi-facet bioremediation approach using edible crops that could serve a dual purpose of being phytoremediation plant and food provider. Soil samples were spiked with petroleum hydrocarbon products’ mixture (PHPM), comprising of diesel, benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene and xylene and naphthalene making a 5 or 10% levels of pollution. The samples were biostimulated with mineral and organic fertilizers at the rate of 0, 10 and 20% using NPK (15:15:15) fertilizer (NPKF), Chicken layer compost manure (CLCM) and Chicken layer manures digestate (CLMD). The polluted soils were landfarmed for 336 days; then, analyzed for the residual total petroleum hydrocarbon (RTPH) according to USEPA method 815B using GC-FID. Three edible crops, maize, okra and bean were then tested for their phytoremediation capacity using the landfarmed soils. The results showed that, at day 84, the soils’ RTPH were reduced by the preceding phytoremediation from 6185.72 mg/kg to 49.49, 69.28 and 1779.01mg/kg soil representing 99.20, 98.88 and 71.24% remediation when maize, bean and okra were used respectively for the phytoremediation as against the value of 3498.64 mg/kg for the control samples spiked with same 5% PHPM. Similar trend was observed in the 10% PHPM polluted samples. The study buttressed the use of maize and revealed brown bean to be another good option for phytoremediation of heavily petroleum polluted soils.
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