Physicochemical Characterization of Calliandra surinamensis Seed Oil
Keywords:
Calliandra Surinamensis Seeds, oil, Physicochemical, Soxhlet Extraction, CharacterizationAbstract
Calliandra surinamensis seed oil is a promising non-traditional oilseed crop with potential food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications. The oil from Calliandra surinamensis seeds was extracted using the Soxhlet extraction method with hexane as the solvent. The chemical characterisation showed that C. surinamensis oil registered a saponification index of 158.95 mg KOH/g oil, an Iodine index of 101.14 g 1/100 g oil, a peroxide index of 7.27 meg O2/kg, an acid index of 10.94 mg KOH/g oil, and a free fatty acid index of 5.47 mg/g. The physical characteristics revealed that C. surinamensis oil has a refraction index (25) of, 1.2667, a specific gravity of 0.8973, a smoke point (oC) of 111.67, a flash point (oC) of 228.33, a fire point (oC) of above 300, a pH of 6.27, a viscosity of 5.80 and a yellow colour. The sample oil showed a moderate saponification index, suggesting a balanced fatty acid composition and good oxidative stability due to its relatively low peroxide value.
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