Phytochemical and Nutritional Comparison of Telfairia occidentalis and Talinum triangulare
Keywords:
Comparative Studies, Nutritional Analysis, Phytochemical Compounds, Ugwu, WaterleafAbstract
Leafy vegetables such as Telfairia occidentalis (commonly known as Ugwu) and Talinum triangulare (waterleaf) play a vital role in the diet of many African communities, particularly in Nigeria, due to their rich nutritional and phytochemical profiles. This study conducted a comparative assessment of these vegetables to determine their health benefits. Fresh samples were obtained from Lafia market, prepared, and analyzed using established laboratory procedures. Phytochemical analysis indicated a significant presence of saponins in both vegetables, with Ugwu exhibiting a higher concentration of alkaloids, while waterleaf was found to contain more flavonoids. Additional bioactive compounds such as glycosides, phenols, tannins, terpenoids, and steroids contribute to their medicinal potential. Regarding nutritional composition, Ugwu had high protein levels, carbohydrates, crude fiber, crude lipids, and vitamin C. In contrast, waterleaf had a greater moisture content along with increased amounts of calcium, iron, and magnesium, essential minerals for bone strength, metabolic processes, and general health. This study highlights the nutritional value of both vegetables and their roles in a balanced diet. Further research into therapeutic properties is recommended to promote regular consumption and support the potential use in functional foods and herbal medicines.
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