Accumulation and Depuration of Cadmium and Chromium in the Muscles of Tilapia Fingerlings After Sub-Lethal Exposure
Keywords:
Accumulation, Depuration, Cadmium, Chromium, Bioaccumulation, HistopathologyAbstract
Consumption of fish contaminated with heavy metals over time can lead to an adverse effect on humans who consume them. This study determined the depuration level of cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) accumulation and the histopathology of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings following sub-lethal exposure and depuration. A total of 150 tilapia fingerlings were placed into 5 groups (A-E) with triplicates of 6 fingerlings each and subjected to different metal concentrations. After 14 days of exposure, fish muscle tissues were harvested from each triplicate to assess the bioaccumulation rate and histopathology. The remaining fingerlings were depurated in clean water. The result showed the mean bioaccumulation of each group and their depuration percentage. All groups experienced reduction in fish weight except Cd/Cr 1.5 mg/L, 10 mg/L group which had increase in weight all through the experiment. The histological result showed alterations and lesions, the severity of the alterations increased with dosage. The histology examination after depuration revealed reduced alteration; recovery of muscle tissues from heavy metal contamination was not complete. The studies suggest that the depuration of accumulated cadmium and chromium in the muscles is dependent on the concentration, weight of fish and its uptake rate.
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