Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Derived from the Stem Bark Extract of Persea americana

Prince Joe Nna; Godwin Agaji Ogacha; Joseph Legborsi

doi:10.63561/japs.v2i4.1027

Authors

Prince Joe Nna Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Godwin Agaji Ogacha Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Joseph Legborsi Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.63561/japs.v2i4.1027

Keywords:

Characterization, Biosynthesis, Antimicrobial, Nanoparticles, Stem bark

Abstract

The increasing resistance of disease-causing bacteria to the traditional antibiotics is a strong factor indicating the necessity of the environmentally friendly alternatives, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced using the plant extracts are a potential remedy. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in this paper were produced through the biosynthesis process of aqueous stem bark extract of Persea Americana (avocado) and their properties measured through UV- Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X ray diffraction (XRD). Phytochemical screening assay identified alkaloids, tannins, saponins and cardiac glycosides whereas quantitative analysis identified 27 major bioactive compounds, most of them flavonoids and phenolic acids. Flavone (17.797 µg/mL), flavon 3 ol (17.092 µg/mL) as well as ellagic acid (15.596 µg/mL) and gentisic acid (11.397 µg/mL) were also identified, as well as daidzin, luteolin and myricetin. These plant-based constituents were reducing and stabilizing in the formation of nanoparticles. Strong surface Plasmon resonance at 425 nm was observed in the UV- Vis, FTIR validated the presence of functional groups (-OH, C=O, C -O), and XRD identified crystalline AgNPs with face centered cubic planes. Antimicrobial assays showed that AgNPs had better inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli (29.26 mm), Salmonella typhi (27.01 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (24.18 mm), that were in most cases better than the crude extract and comparable to chloramphenicol. Such results point to P. Americana mediated AgNPs as a viable and sustainable antimicrobial approach with great biomedical and pharmaceutical prospects

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