Evaluation and Analysis of the Impact of Emissions from Slaughterhouses

Abstract

This study investigates air quality around slaughterhouses in Port Harcourt, South-South Nigeria, focusing on the concentrations of various air pollutants. The study employs a completely randomized block design to collect air quality data from five slaughterhouse locations over twelve months. Parameters including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), volatile organic compounds (VOC), methane (CH4), hydrogen sulphide (H2S), and ammonia (NH3) were measured using handheld air quality monitoring equipment. Results indicate higher concentrations of air pollutants in the morning compared to the evening, with values often exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) standards. Specifically, sulphur dioxide (SO2) levels were highest at the Rumuokoro slaughterhouse, while nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations peaked at the Eleme slaughterhouse. Carbon monoxide (CO) levels were highest at the Trans Amadi slaughterhouse, while volatile organic compounds (VOCs) showed elevated levels at the Eagle Island slaughterhouse. Methane (CH4) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) levels were particularly high at the Rumuokoro slaughterhouse. Ammonia (NH3) concentrations were highest at the Eleme slaughterhouse. Overall, the study highlights significant air pollution around slaughterhouse facilities, exceeding permissible limits and posing potential health and environmental risks to nearby communities. Urgent measures are recommended to mitigate pollution and promote sustainable practices in slaughterhouse operations to safeguard public health and the environment.