Efficacy of Mefloquine-Clindamycin in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63561/jhssr.v3i1.1144Keywords:
Mefloquine, Clindmycin, Antiplasmodial, Infected Mice, BergheiAbstract
Mefloqine (MQ) is a quinoline methanol derivative that causes the malaria parasite to accumulate lethal heme by preventing hemozoin production. Clindamycin (CLD) is a lincosamide antibiotics which has powerful antiplasmodial action. This study evaluated the combined efficacy and potential of CLD and MQ for the treatment of malaria in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Both sexes of adult Swiss albino mice (27–42g) were used in a random grouping. The mice received oral treatments of MQ (15 mg/kg), CLD (10 mg/kg) and MQ-CLD after being injected with Plasmodium berghei. As the benchmark, 10 mg/kg of Chloroquine (CQ) was utilized. Blood samples were taken and evaluated for hematological indicators, inhibition, and parasitamia percentage at the end of treatment. Histological alterations were analyzed in liver samples. The mean survival time (MST) of the mice was also monitored. When compared to MFQ or CLD, MQ-CLD dramatically reduced the proportion of parasitamia in the curative, prophylactic, and suppressive tests, with a difference noted at p<0.05. Curatively, compared to CQ 90.84% parasitamia inhibition, MQ, CLD, and MQ-CLD yielded 89.95%, 76.35%, and 94.43%, respectively. MST was significantly prolonged by MQ-CLD in the curative, prophylactic, and suppressive tests, with a difference of p<0.05 when compared to MQ or CLD. MQ-CLD significantly (p<0.05) restored Plasmodium berghei induced changes in packed cell volume, white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, monocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. When compared to MQ or CLD, the results indicated that the levels of aspertate transferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphate, total protein, total bilirubin, urea, creatinine, and uric acid were slightly altered but were restored by MQ-CLD at P<0.05. MQ-CLD diminishes the vascular congestion and inflammatory cells that are present in the liver of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. The study showed that MQ and CLD can be exploited collectively for the treatment of malaria.
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