Removal of Fumonisins from Spoiled Pap Using Nano-Carbon Particles of Bryophyllum pinnatum Leaf: An Innovative Mycotoxin Detoxification Strategy
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Abstract
The fumonisins are mycotoxins produced by the fungus Fusarium verticilliodes in cereals and their products such as pap produced from corn. Various methods have been employed for the removal of these toxins from pap. These methods, however, have been find to be ineffective. In this study, therefore, nano-carbon particles of the leaf of Bryophyllum pinnatum have been used for the removal of these toxins from spoiled pap, where is an innovative over previous methods. Using thermal pyrolysis method, the Bryophyllum pinnatum leaves nano-particles were prepared, the proximate composition of the pap was determined, lateral flow assay device was used to test for the fumonisins. The fumonisins were quantified and characterized. The results showed that pap is primarily a high-moisture (75.2%) and carbohydrate-rich (18.9%) food with low protein (1.3%), fat (0.6%), fiber (0.3%), and mineral content (0.7%), making it an easily digestible but nutritionally inadequate food. Fumonisin analysis indicated a progressive increase in FB1, FB2, and FB3 levels, with the highest concentrations recorded at 48 hours (6.20 ng/ml, 7.40 ng/ml, and 6.96 ng/ml, respectively), highlighting the rapid and significant accumulation of mycotoxins in stored pap. However, treatment with Aloe vera-derived nanocarbon particles resulted in the complete elimination of fumonisins, demonstrating their strong detoxification potential. It was concluded that nano-particles was effective in the detoxification of fumonisins. The study recommends fortifying pap with protein and micronutrient sources to enhance its nutritional value, implementing early detection and control strategies for fumonisin contamination, and further exploring the application of nanocarbon technology for mycotoxin detoxification in fermented foods
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References
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