Effects of some indigenous plant seed-powders on the house-hold pest, Blattella orientallis L (Blattodea: Blattidae)
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Abstract
Seed-powders of 3 indigenous plants (Piper guineense, Aframomum melegueta and Dennettia tripetala) on the German cockroach nymphs after 24 hours exposure, and using different dosages of 0.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0, and 40.0% w/v (powders: distilled water), have revealed significantly higher mean nymph mortalities (P <0.05) when treatment effects were compared to the normal controls (water). The toxicity trials showed P. guineense as recording highest mean nymph mortalities (16.5±2.8), after 24hrs exposure, followed by A. melegueta (15.0±2.7), and D. tripetala (5.5±1.7) compared to (0.00 ± 0.0) of the normal control. Also, P. guineense recorded higher percent effectiveness (66.88%) in control of pest population, followed by A. melegueta (50.63% and D. tripetala (6.88%) respectively; but it was hundred percent (100%) effectiveness when compared against snipper (the positive control). Similarly, the mean lethal dose that killed 50% (LD50), as well as the mean lethal time for killing 50% of the pest/cockroach population (LT50) were found to be: 28.0% w/v, at 21min, and 40.0% w/v at 31min for P. guineense, A. melegueta respectively; but nil (zero) for D. tripetala, showing the latter as a relatively weak and less effective plant seed-powder. Additionally, the mean number of nymph-to-adult emergence records after 48 hrs were found to be 6.0 or 0.36% (range of 0.06-0.15%) for P. guineense, in other words highly suppressed emergence;11.0 or 1.10% (range 0.10-0.36%), or moderately suppressed for A. melegueta; but it was 34.0 or 11.56% (range 2.04-3.06%) for D. tripetala (still the less effective, and also with relatively high adult emergence). These findings have shown the relative capacities, of these plant seed-powders for control of this household pest. Most importantly, being indigenous, and hence readily available, they may serve as better, cheaper, safer and preferred control alternatives (especially P. guineense, and A. melegueta), to the use of conventional insecticides.
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References
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