Proximate and phytochemical analyses on some indigenous plant seed-powders utilized in control of the domestic pest, Blattella orientallis L (Blattodea: Blattidae)
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Abstract
Compositional analyses were carried out on 3 indigenous plant seed powders that had shown some biocidal potential for control of Blattella orientalis. The proximate investigation revealed presence of moisture, crude protein, lipids, crude fiber, ash, and carbohydrate; while the phytochemical screening showed presence of flavonoid, tannins, saponin, alkaloid, terpenoids, and glycoside (important ingredients often associated with bioactivity in plants). The quantitative details indicated varying amounts in g/100g sample for certain constituents in the 3 plants (P. guineense, A.melegueta and D. tripetala) respectively as: flavonoid (6.08, 2.53, 4.05), tannins (3.85, 2.10, 2.10), alkaloids (3.47, 4.09, 3.17), glycosides (2.58, 1.95, 2.12), saponins (1.79, 2.43, 1.57) and terpenoids (1.28, 1.03, 0.79). The presence of these compounds in these plant powders, may therefore, have been responsible for the observed mortalities of the German cockroach, particularly with P. guineense, having shown marked and significantly high values throughout the investigation; and also demonstrated 60% effectiveness from the preliminary pilot studies, as against the 100% effectiveness recorded with the standard chemical insecticide, sniper. Further trials with P. guineense at higher concentration is recommended.
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References
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